Bilateral Relations
Ghana aims to strength political, economic and social relations through structured bilateral agreements and high level engagements to advance Ghana's national priorities.
Ghana aims to strength political, economic and social relations through structured bilateral agreements and high level engagements to advance Ghana's national priorities.
Relations between Ghana and Jamaica date back to the 18th Century when thousands of Africans, including people from the Gold Coast, were transported to the West Indies to work on plantations as slaves. These historical links have continued to be strengthened since Ghana’s independence in March 1957 through to Jamaica’s independence in August 1962. Prior to Jamaica’s independence, an official delegation had been dispatched from Jamaica to Ghana in February 1962 to understudy the possibility of increasing and developing cultural and commercial ties between the two countries. The establishment of formal diplomatic relations followed in 1968, and the cordial historical and cultural bonds have continued to persist over the years.
Ghana and Chile established diplomatic relations on 6th October 1961. Subsequently, on 4th July 1994, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ghana opened a Mission in Brazil with concurrent accreditation to Chile. In furtherance of the diplomatic relationship, on 19th July 2013, under the leadership of Charge affairs, Ricardo Alen, Chile opened its diplomatic Mission in Accra.
Ghana and Canada have long-standing relations at both the bilateral and multilateral levels. Bilateral relations between Canada and Ghana are strong and based on more than 60 years of global cooperation, particularly at the United Nations, Commonwealth, and La Francophonie, of which Ghana is an Associate Member. Formal diplomatic relations between the two countries began in 1957, and since then, the ties have been characterized by friendship and cooperation in various spheres. Ghana has a resident diplomatic Mission in Canada.
Ghana and Bolivia relations have been cordial and bordered mainly on the usual exchange of solidarity messages between the two countries. There is mutual interest in improving political dialogue, as well as developing cooperation in areas of common interest.
Ghana and Ecuador relations have been cordial and bordered mainly on the usual exchange of solidarity messages between the two countries. There is mutual interest in improving political dialogue, as well as developing cooperation in areas of common interest. Since 2019, the Embassy of the Republic of Ecuador in Nigeria has been in talks with our Mission in Abuja to open a concurrent Embassy of Ecuador in Ghana with the aim of strengthening the relations of friendship and cooperation between the two countries.
Ghana and Paraguay relations have been cordial and bordered mainly on the usual exchange of solidarity messages between the two countries. There is mutual interest in improving political dialogue, as well as developing cooperation in areas of common interest.
Ghana and Uruguay have enjoyed cordial relations since Ghana’s independence in 1957. On 22nd November 2005, the two countries signed an agreement to establish official diplomatic relations. Although relations between the two countries are yet to assume any significant dimension, it is pertinent to note that the Government of Uruguay has made overtures aimed at improving its relations with Ghana.
Ghana established diplomatic relations with Belize in September 1981. Bilateral relations between the two countries are limited. Relations between Ghana and Belize are mostly within the confines of multilateralism through international organizations such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization, the Organization of American States, and the Commonwealth of Nations, as a result of both countries being former colonies of the United Kingdom.
Ghana was the first African country to establish formal diplomatic relations with the State of Israel in 1958 at the Ambassadorial level. Before then, Israel had established a Consulate in Accra in 1956 and assisted Ghana, including training agriculturalists and other technical experts in fisheries and security.
Ghana’s diplomatic relations with Israel were severed in 1973, within the context of African solidarity with Egypt in the wake of the latter’s war with Israel. Relations were later restored and Ghana re-opened its Mission in Tel Aviv in 1996, but it was only in 2002 that an Ambassador was appointed. Instead of re-opening, a Mission in Accra, Israel appointed an Ambassador to Ghana who was resident in Abuja until 2011 when a Mission was opened in Accra.
Ghana Diplomatic Representation in Israel
Embassy of Ghana
15 Keren Hayesod Street.
Herzliya Pituach
Israel
Telephone: +97235766000
Email: telaviv@mfa.gov.gh
Website: https://telaviv.mfa.gov.gh/
Israel Diplomatic Representation in Ghana
Embassy of Israel
8th Floor,
Manet Towers C,
Airport City, Accra.
Ghana
Telephone: +233302743838
Email: amb-sec@accra.mfa.gov.il
Website: https://embassies.gov.il/accra/
Time Difference
+ 3 hours (Israel is ahead of Ghana)
Visa Requirements for Ghanaians
Ghanaian citizens must obtain a visa before entry into Israel. Contact the Embassy of Israel for the
instructions how to apply the visa.
Climate Info
There is a wide variety of climates: desert but mild in the north, Mediterranean in the center, oceanic in the south,
and cold in the Andes.
Bilateral Agreements
If you have any enquiries with regards to Treaties, please contact the Legal & Treaty Bureau of the Ministry of Foreign
Affairs and Regional Integration or Ministry of Justice and Attorney General Department for all information.
AREAS OF Cppperation
• Trade and Economic- Cyber Security, Homeland Security, Agriculture, Fintech, Health, Renewable Energy and Water Management.
• Development
• Agriculture
• Education
• Innovation
• Women Empowerment
• Health
Ghana and Italy have a long history of cooperation dating back to Ghana’s pre-independence days. One of the earliest contacts took place in 1954 when Professor Vinigi L. Grottanelli of the University of Rome started an Italian Ethnological Mission to Ghana, which focused on the Nzema ethnic group in southwestern Ghana.
Fast forward to the early 1960s, Italian construction companies like AB Sadelmi Cogepi and Impregilo were established in Ghana and actively participated in the construction of the Akosombo Dam and the Kpong Dam.
Diplomatic relations between Ghana and Malta date back to 1974. Ghana is the only Sub-Saharan African (SSA) country with a resident High Commission in Malta. In early 2019, the Republic of Malta announced the selection of Accra, Ghana, as the location for her first resident High Commission in sub-Saharan Africa, not only in reciprocity of Ghana’s resident Mission in Malta; but more importantly, in recognition of Ghana’s importance as a bilateral partner to Malta and the country’s democratic credentials.
Diplomatic and Political relations between Ghana and Bosnia & Herzegovina were established in 2013. Even though the relations between the two countries have not been active, both countries have made strenuous efforts at various levels to improve relations and encourage trade for the mutual benefit of the two countries.
Diplomatic relations with the Republic of Belarus were formally established in March 1992 when the Government of the Republic of Ghana gave approval for the recognition and establishment of diplomatic relations with the Republic of Belarus and other former Soviet Republics.
Diplomatic relations between Latvia and Ghana were established on 3rd January 1992, following Latvia’s re-establishment of independence in 1991. Relations between the two countries have however been minimal compared to other European countries. The Ambassador of Ghana in Berlin is currently accredited to Latvia as a non-resident Ambassador of the Republic of Ghana. Latvia, on the other hand, has established an Honorary Consulate in Ghana located in Kumasi, with Mr. Carmel Mouhtiseb as Honorary Consul, representing its interests in the country.
On 23rd December, 1991 Ghana recognized Lithuania, de jure, as an Independent State and subsequently established diplomatic relations with that country on 12th June, 1992. In 1995, Ghana’s Ambassador to Denmark, Mrs. Martha Dodoo-Tamakloe was appointed as the first non-resident Ghanaian Ambassador to Lithuania (resident in Denmark). Since 10th December, 2011, the Ghana Embassy in Berlin has held concurrent accreditation for Lithuania.
Ghana and Spain established diplomatic relations in 1968 when the Spanish Ambassador in Liberia was concurrently accredited to Ghana, while Ghana’s Ambassador to France was concurrently accredited to Spain in 1973. Subsequently, Spain established a resident diplomatic Mission in Accra in 1989 and in 2004, Ghana established a Mission in Madrid as well. Bilateral relations between the two countries have been deepened progressively following the establishment of Ghana’s diplomatic presence in the country.
Ghana established diplomatic relations with Ukraine in 1992. Relations between Ghana and Ukraine have, so far, been more political. However, interest has been generated in improving trade relations between the two countries at the governmental and private sector levels.
Diplomatic relations between Ghana and the then Soviet Union were established in 1958 when the two countries exchanged resident diplomatic missions. Ghana and Russia have since then cooperated in the political, economic and educational sectors. The two countries have shared similar views and supported each other on various issues of mutual concern in many international and multilateral fora such as at the United Nations.
By virtue of the strong bonds of friendship that existed between former Presidents Kwame Nkrumah of Ghana and Josip Broz Tito of the former Yugoslavia, who championed the formation of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), Ghana and Slovenia have, to date, maintained cordial relations since the declaration of independence of the latter from the former Yugoslavia in 1991. The relations, however, remain low.
Diplomatic relations between Türkiye and Ghana were first established in 1958 following the independence of Ghana. The Turkish Government first opened a resident Embassy in Accra in 1964 but closed it in 1981 for economic reasons. They re-established it on 1st February 2010, and two years later Ghana reciprocated this kind gesture with the opening of a resident Mission in Ankara, in January 2012. Evidence of the growing relations between the two countries was the opening of a Consulate General in Istanbul in 2015.
Ghana’s relations with France predate Ghana’s independence. Contacts between citizens of the two nations can be traced back to the 18th century when a French post was built in 1786 at Amoku near Ankaful, Saltpond. A remarkable trace of this early relationship is the presence of Compagnie Française de I’Afrique Occidentale (CFAO) and former Société Commerciale de I’Afrique (SCOA) which started doing business with Ghana (Gold Coast) from the city of Sekondi in 1909 as well as the opening of the Alliance Française in Accra in the 1950s. In 1996, Société Commerciale de I’Afrique (SCOA) was bought by Compagnie Française de I’Afrique Occidentale (CFAO) which is still present in Ghana. However, formal diplomatic relations between the two countries were established 63 years ago, soon after Ghana’s Independence in 1957 and have been marked by a rich tradition of friendship and fruitful cooperation over the years at the bilateral and multilateral levels. The relations cut across political, economic, and cultural spheres and have witnessed immense growth in recent times. The concerted efforts by the leaders of the two countries to work closely together undergird this fact.
Ghana established diplomatic relations with Georgia on 4th December, 1992 with residence first in Moscow, then Tehran, and currently Ankara. Cooperation between Ghana and Georgia has been in the international arena particularly in the United Nations and other Agencies. The two Countries have met on the sidelines of different international conferences. Georgia supported Ghana’s candidature to the Human Rights Council in 2008 and the International Civil Service Commission in 2010.
Currently, the level of trade and economic relations between Ghana and Albania is very low. Both countries do not have resident diplomatic representations in each other’s capital. Our Mission in Serbia used to be concurrently accredited to Albania, until about 10 years ago when the Government of Ghana decided to close down the Serbia Mission for political expediency. Following reconfiguration and accreditation of Ghana Missions abroad, our Mission in Turkey is concurrently accredited to Albania.
Diplomatic relations between Montenegro and the Republic of Ghana develop traditionally in the spirit of understanding and friendship. Ghana officially recognized Montenegro on 20th September, 2012, and diplomatic relations between the two countries were established on the same day. Discussions with Montenegrin Authorities demonstrated that there is a potential to deepen cooperation between Ghana and Montenegro. Montenegro has expressed its desire to collaborate with Ghana in promoting relations in the areas of tourism, agriculture, particularly in food production and processing. The Montenegrin Authorities have disclosed the intention to open a Diplomatic Mission in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, to cater for her interests in Africa.
Ghana established diplomatic relations with the Republic of North Macedonia in 1993 after it became a member of the United Nations. Trade and investment relations between Ghana and Macedonia have, however, remained passive, save for the exchange of intermittent diplomatic correspondence. However, the government of the Republic of Macedonia has expressed its interest in intensifying political dialogue with the Republic of Ghana, with the view to exploring possible cooperation in economic development, notably agriculture, and cultural affairs. The government of Macedonia also offered to grant scholarships to Ghanaians to pursue courses in Information Technology in one of North Macedonia’s most prestigious universities. Some Ghanaian nationals were subsequently offered scholarships to study Information Technology (IT) in North Macedonia.
Relations between Ghana and Romania had not been strong politically, culturally, in trade, and socio-cultural up until 2017. In recent times, Ghana and Romania have initiated efforts aimed at deepening bilateral ties between the two countries through the exchange of fruitful high-level visits between Romanian and Ghanaian officials including the visit to Ghana by the Secretary-General of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Romania, Mr. Cosmin-George Dinescu to Ghana in October, 2017 as well as the visit to Bucharest by the Minister for Foreign Affairs and Regional Integration, Ms. Shirley Ayorkor Botchwey, in March, 2018.
Slovakia for the most part had been united with the Czech Republic under the Federal Republic of Czechoslovakia until the two countries separated in 1993. Following the separation of the two countries, Ghana has continued its diplomatic ties with Slovakia by concurrent accreditation of its Prague Mission to Bratislava. Ghana is represented by a non-resident Ambassador to Slovakia, who is based in Prague, Czech Republic and is duly represented by an Honorary Consul based in Bratislava. The relationship between Ghana and Slovakia has remained relatively dormant in recent years, characterized by limited engagement and minimal bilateral cooperation. Despite the potential for collaboration across various sectors, both countries have yet to fully capitalize on opportunities to strengthen their relationship.
Hungary was one of the first Socialist countries to establish diplomatic relations with Ghana. It opened a resident Mission in Accra in 1961. Since then, relations between the two countries have been very cordial. Ghana opened its resident diplomatic Mission in Budapest, Hungary in 1962 until 1966 when the Mission was closed. The Republic of Hungary, however, maintained its Mission in Accra until 1989 when it was finally closed due to financial difficulties. Ghana’s Embassy in Prague has, since, been accredited to Budapest as a non-resident Diplomatic Mission, while the Hungarian side recently re-opened an Embassy in Accra in November 2016. The two countries have adopted an identical stance on many international issues within the context of the United Nations.
Ghana established formal diplomatic relations with Kosovo on 2nd October, 2012, when we recognized the independence of Kosovo in that year. The two countries subsequently signed a joint communique in October, 2012. After the establishment of the Ankara Mission in Turkey, Kosovo was concurrently accredited to further deepen diplomatic and bilateral relations. On 10th October, 2013, H.E. Alhaji Ibrahim Abass became the first Ambassador of the Republic of Ghana to present his letters of credence to the President of the Republic of Kosovo in Pristina. Ghana opened an Honorary Consulate-General in Kosovo on 25th November, 2016 and appointed Mr. Valon Luka as the Honorary Consul. Subsequently, Ghana recognized the independence of the Republic of Kosovo in 2012 and withdrew this recognition in 2019. The Ministry has maintained its position of Kosovo’s non-recognition as per paragraph 1&2 of the Ministry circular dated 4th October, 2022, (Folio 34), that stipulates that Ghana has de-recognized the independence of Kosovo in compliance with UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999).
Formal relations between Ghana and Cyprus were established in November 1989. But relations have failed to flourish over the years due to probable reasons of instability and the size of the economy. However, in 2005, pursuant to Ghana’s constructive initiative, serious efforts were made towards the establishment of a Joint Commission for Technical Cooperation between the two countries. To this end, in March 2011, the two sides signed an Agreement on Economic, Scientific, Technical and Industrial Cooperation as a legal framework for the Joint Commission.
Ghana and Bulgaria have enjoyed sixty years of bilateral cooperation dating back to the early 1960s during Dr. Kwame Nkrumah’s era as President of the Republic of Ghana. The cordial relations established during the period blossomed over the years and led to increased cooperation between the two countries, especially in education.
Relations between Ghana and Argentina have been cordial with the occasional exchanges of Goodwill Messages. There is also mutual interest in improving political dialogue, as well as developing cooperation in areas of common interest. The Embassy of the Argentine Republic in Cotonou is accredited to the Republic of Ghana, while our Mission in Brasilia is accredited to the Republic of Argentina.
The bilateral relations between the United Kingdom (UK) and Ghana are longstanding and multifaceted, covering political, economic, development, and cultural dimensions. Ghana, formerly known as the Gold Coast, was a British colony until gaining independence in 1957. The UK and Ghana share historical ties that form the foundation of their diplomatic relationship.
Ghana and Estonia are fostering a strong partnership in digital technology, trade, and education, despite their relatively new bilateral relations, indicating potential for future growth and cooperation. Ghana and Estonia established diplomatic relations to foster mutual understanding and cooperation. While neither country has a resident embassy in the other, they maintain diplomatic contact through their respective embassies in nearby countries and international organizations.
The bilateral relations between Ghana and Andorra are relatively modest compared to Ghana’s relationships with larger nations. However, these ties are built on mutual respect and the potential for cooperation in various sectors, including diplomacy, trade, and cultural exchange. High-level visits and meetings between officials from Ghana and Andorra help strengthen their bilateral relationship. These interactions provide opportunities to discuss various bilateral and international issues, enhancing mutual understanding and cooperation.
Ghana and Luxembourg have strong bilateral relations, characterized by mutual respect, economic cooperation, and development assistance. Luxembourg maintains a non-resident embassy for Ghana, while Ghana manages its embassy in Brussels. Diplomatic missions facilitate political dialogue, economic cooperation, and cultural exchange.
The EU-Ghana bilateral relationship is characterized by political discourse, economic collaboration, commercial links, development aid, and cultural exchange, focusing on sustainable development, governance, and economic expansion.
The diplomatic relations between Belgium and Ghana have been marked by a history of cooperation, mutual respect, and shared interests. These relations encompass various aspects, including political dialogue, economic cooperation, cultural exchange, and development assistance.
Portugal’s 15th-century exploration of West Africa led to significant contacts with Ghana, with Portuguese explorers like Prince Henry the Navigator establishing trading posts and forts, including Elmina Castle.
Ghana and the Czech Republic have a long-standing diplomatic, economic, and cultural relationship, shaped by shared interests and goals. Ghana and the Czech Republic established diplomatic relations in 1957, with the former recognizing Ghana’s sovereignty and supporting its early developmental goals.
Ghana and Germany have a long history, with the first significant interactions occurring in the 17th century when Brandenburg-Prussia established Groß Friedrichsburg on the Gold Coast. Germany’s direct colonial influence in Africa was more pronounced in regions like present-day Tanzania, Namibia, Cameroon, and Togo. Although Germany did not colonize Ghana, its activities in neighboring Togo (then German Togoland) had indirect impacts. Ghana gained independence from Britain in 1957, becoming the first sub-Saharan African country to do so. Post-independence, Ghana established diplomatic relations with West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany) in 1957.
Ghana and Moldova maintain cordial diplomatic relations, although interaction is relatively limited compared to other countries. While diplomatic relations exist between the two nations, direct diplomatic representation through Embassies is not currently established in the capitals of both States. However, diplomatic communication and cooperation still occurs through non-resident Ambassadors or representatives.
Relations between Ghana and Iceland have been cordial but limited in scope due to geographical distance and differing economic priorities. Diplomatic ties have been established, yet interactions may not have been as robust as with other countries. Trade and investment between the two countries are likely modest, with fewer direct engagements compared to their relations with neighboring or more geographically proximate states.
Historically, relations between Ghana and Finland have evolved positively since the establishment of diplomatic ties in 1962. While the early years primarily saw diplomatic exchanges, over time, economic cooperation has grown significantly. Developmental assistance from Finland has played a crucial role in enhancing Ghana’s education, governance, and environmental sustainability efforts.
Ghana and Austria have had uninterrupted relations since 1964 when the Austrian Trade Mission was raised to the level of an Embassy and the Austrian Ambassador in Nigeria accredited to Ghana. Ghana’s Ambassador to the Swiss Confederation was accredited to Austria until October 2020 when Ghana established a resident diplomatic Mission in Vienna and appointed its first resident Ambassador in November 2020. Currently, the Austrian Embassy in Nigeria is concurrently accredited to Ghana with an Honorary Consulate in Accra.
Ghana and Switzerland established diplomatic relations shortly after Ghana’s independence in 1957. Since then, the relationship has evolved through mutual cooperation in trade, investment, and development assistance. Over the decades, the two countries have signed numerous bilateral agreements, enhancing cooperation in sectors such as education, health, and economic development.
Relations between the two countries date back to the early 1960s and have remained cordial over the years although at a low key. Relations were at Ambassadorial level. However, Ghana’s Mission in Warsaw was closed down after the 1966 coup. In the face of economic challenges, the Polish Mission in Accra was also closed down and Poland’s interest represented by the Polish Ambassador in Lagos whilst Ghana’s Ambassador to the Vatican is currently concurrently accredited to Poland. In the early 1980s, Polish experts were involved in the development of the Ghana Film Industry, the Asutuare Sugar factory and the Timbod Wood Works at Bibiani. Scholarships were also offered to a number of Ghanaian students to study in higher institutions in Poland, particularly in the area of veterinary medicine and agriculture. A proposed Memorandum of Understanding on Political Consultation is yet to be signed by the Foreign Ministries of our two countries.
Diplomatic relations between Ghana and Croatia date back to 1993. Officially, Croatia is represented in Ghana through its Embassy in London (UK) whilst Ghana is represented in Croatia through our Embassy in Rome (Italy).
Contacts between Ghana and the Catholic Church date back to over a century ago when the first Roman Catholic Missionaries arrived on the shores of the then Gold Coast to propagate the gospel, then established the Apostolic Prefecture of the Gold Coast in 1879 and founded the Catholic Mission in Cape Coast in 1889. However, formal Diplomatic relations between the two countries were established over 40 years ago. The relations have been cordial with the Church actively involved in the social, economic, educational and health sectors of the country, motivated by the love of Christ and acting on the basis of human dignity shared by all. Relations between Ghana and the Holy See is further manifested through the Episcopal career of an illustrious son of the country, Cardinal Peter Appiah Turkson. He was appointed Cardinal Priest of San Liborio in a Consistory (ecclesiastical council charged with governing a religious organisation) on 21st October 2003 by Pope John Paul II and served as the President of the Pontifical Council for Justice and Peace from 24th October 2009 to 31st December 2016.
Ghana and the Netherlands continue to enjoy very warm and excellent relations that date back to three centuries ago when the Dutch first landed in Ghana (then the Gold Coast) to trade. Diplomatic relations have been maintained throughout the political changes in Ghana. From 1982 to 1997, Ghana closed down her Mission in The Hague for economic reasons. The Netherlands however kept its Mission in Accra opened at the level of Charge d’ affaires until 1991, when it was upgraded to the Ambassadorial level. However, in response to the continued growth in development cooperation and increased trade between the two countries, the Ghana Mission in The Hague was reopened in 1998.
Ghana and Denmark have a long history of mutual relations dating back to the 1660s, when Danish companies traded in the then flourishing slave trade and other commodities with the people of the Gold Coast. During that period, the Danes built the Osu Christianborg Castle in Accra. Denmark was one of the first European countries to recognise Ghana after the country attained independence, and both countries have enjoyed good relations and vibrant cooperation ever since. Diplomatic relations between the two countries began in 1961 when Denmark opened its Embassy in Accra, while Ghana opened its Embassy in Copenhagen in 1966, making Ghana the first African country to do so.
Diplomatic relations between the two countries began in the early 1960s during the tenure of President Kwame Nkrumah. Records indicate that following strong personal relations that existed between Dr. Nkrumah and the Greek companies, AG. Levantis and GNTC (Coca-Cola) were established in Ghana. In addition, AG. Levantis donated landed properties to Ghana, which are currently being used as the Chancery and Residence in Paris, France.
Ghana-Sweden Bilateral relations, especially in trade, began over 360 years ago when Sweden built the first trading post at Cape Coast in 1653. Since then, the two countries have collaborated in economic, commercial, educational and cultural spheres.
There is not much information on bilateral relations between Ghana and Antigua and Barbuda. Both countries have, however, enjoyed cordial relations since Ghana’s independence in 1957.
The beginning of the relations between Ghana and Guyana can be traced to the presence of two prominent Guyanese politicians in Ghana who later became the Presidents of Guyana; Cheddi Jagan and Forbes Burnham, attended the celebrations marking the commemoration of Ghana’s independence on 6th March 1957. The subsequent appointment of a Guyanese Lawyer, Mr. John Abbensetts, as Ghana’s first post-independence Solicitor General and the contributions that Guyanese academics have made over the years towards the development of education in Ghana is a reflection of the historical relations between the two countries. In the past, several Ghanaians have been accorded positions of honor in Guyana.
The Republic of Ghana and the Federative Republic of Brazil have enjoyed excellent relations since the establishment of diplomatic relations in 1962. There are prospects for both countries to advance in the areas of cooperation in Culture, Tourism, and Sports.
Ghana and Peru established diplomatic relations on 20th June 1987. However, the two countries have not had active bilateral relations until November 2008, when the Peruvian Government, through the Ghana Embassy in Brazil which has concurrent accreditation to Peru, conveyed its desire to strengthen its bilateral relations with Ghana in several areas. The bilateral relations between Ghana and Peru were taken to a new height with the establishment of the Embassy of Peru in Ghana on 1st October 2014. This Embassy forms part of the first existence of a shared seat in which the four (4) countries of the Pacific Alliance, namely, Chile, Mexico, Colombia, and Peru, are represented. The consular section of the Embassy of Peru began issuing visas in May 2015. The Republic of Peru and Ghana on 25th March 2024 signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on the Establishment of a Mechanism for Political Consultations between the Governments of the Republic of Ghana and the Republic of Peru.
Relations between Ghana and St. Kitts and Nevis have been low key with occasional exchanges of Goodwill Messages.
Ghana and Saint Vincent and the Grenadines established diplomatic relations on 1st August 2008. However, like other African countries; relations between the two countries are more multilateral than bilateral. However, in recent years, there has been an exchange of high-level visits which has propelled Ghana – SVG relations to new heights.
Ghana and Suriname have enjoyed longstanding bilateral and historical relations which date back to the trans-Atlantic slave trade culminating in the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two countries in 1975. The relationship has, recently, been highlighted by the exchange of high-level visits and engagements in several areas of cooperation. The Year of Return in 2019 reinforced the deep-rooted ancestral and historical connections between Ghana and Suriname as Surinamese formed one of the majority groups of Diasporans who made the life-changing decision to visit their roots by participating in the programme of activities of the ‘Year of Return’ in Ghana.
The bilateral relations between Ghana and the Marshall Islands are on a low-key. However, both countries have expressed interest in establishing diplomatic relations with the view of promoting and furthering cooperation in areas of mutual interest.
Historically, Ghana and Trinidad and Tobago share long-standing relations dating back to the Transatlantic Slave Trade era. Trinidadians have ancestral linkages to Africa, and this is obvious both in their looks and mannerisms. The two countries also share close and identical views on many global issues. Both being former British colonies, the links between Ghana and Trinidad and Tobago are deeply rooted in history because they have both passed through similar historical and economic experiences. Trinidad and Tobago and Ghana established formal Diplomatic relations as far back in 1967. Culturally, the two countries have constantly supported each other in the hosting of the PANAFEST celebrations and the Emancipation Day celebrations in Ghana and Trinidad and Tobago, respectively. The message of the ‘Year of Return’ – 2019 also caught on well with many Trinigobanians who availed themselves of the opportunity to visit the motherland.
Formal diplomatic relations between Ghana and the United States of America date back to 1957, following Ghana’s independence from British colonial rule. Since then, relations between the two countries have always remained cordial and the bonds of friendship have been strengthened through several cooperation programmes and partnerships spanning various sectors of the economy including health, education, law enforcement, security, human rights, and defence. Ghana-US relations have seen huge improvements over the years, especially since the reintroduction of multi-party democracy in Ghana in 1993. This has culminated in the exchange of several high-level official visits at the Presidential, Congressional/Parliamentary, and other levels of Government.
Bilateral relations between Ghana and Mexico date back to the Gold Coast era when Mexico, as a member of the United Nations (UN) Observer Team, sent a delegation to the former British Togoland to supervise an ongoing plebiscite. After attaining independence, Ghana established formal diplomatic relations with Mexico and maintained an Embassy in Mexico City from 1961 – 1972 when it was closed due to economic constraints. Mexico was the first Latin American country to establish diplomatic relations with Ghana, in 1961, and Ghana was the first African country to have an embassy in Mexico. The latter maintained its Embassy in Accra until 1980 when it was closed for similar reasons. In November 2013, upon a request by the government of Mexico to re-establish a Mission in Accra, the government of Ghana granted approval and the Mission was officially re-opened on 27th January 2014.
Although there isn’t much on bilateral relations between Ghana and Grenada, H.E. President Nana Addo Dankwa Akufo-Addo honored an invitation from H.E. Dickon Mitchell, the Prime Minister of Grenada, to participate in the 50TH Independence Anniversary celebrations of Grenada as the Guest of Honour, which was held on 7th February 2024. The visit was aimed at enhancing bilateral relations between the two countries.
Ghana and The Bahamas have maintained cordial relations since 1957. The partnership between the two countries has been strengthened by shared democratic values and principles. Apart from the occasional exchange of solidarity messages, there has not been much activity in terms of bilateral relations between Ghana and the Bahamas. Ghana’s Mission in Havana is concurrently accredited to the Commonwealth of the Bahamas. To facilitate people-to-people exchanges and to deepen bilateral relations between the two countries, Ghana and the Bahamas recently signed an Agreement for the Reciprocal Waiver of Visas for Holders of Diplomatic, Service, and Ordinary Passports.
Relations between Ghana and St. Lucia are significantly low. There is not much in terms of bilateral relations between Ghana and St. Lucia. Apart from the occasional exchange of solidarity messages, neither of the two countries has a diplomatic presence in the other. Ghana’s Mission in New York is concurrently accredited to St. Lucia. However, on 15th November 2024, Director/Americas Bureau had a meeting with Hon. Henry W. Mangal, Consul General of St. Lucia in Toronto, Canada on the sidelines of the Accra Reparations Conference. The purpose of the meeting was to discuss possible areas of cooperation in order to strengthen bilateral ties and explore the possibility of establishing a mutual Diplomatic presence in both Ghana and St. Lucia.
Although Ghana and Colombia established diplomatic relations on 23rd June 1988, the Embassy of Colombia in Ghana was opened in Accra on 2nd July 2013. Ghana, however, has no Mission in Colombia and until recently was represented by Mr. Ernesto Rico Cuervo, a Colombian businessman, as the Honorary Consul in Bogota. Following the establishment of a resident diplomatic Mission in Ghana, the two countries have since signed a number of Agreements in Education and Sports to deepen the bilateral ties between Ghana and Colombia. The Colombian Vice President, H.E. Francia Elena Márquez Mina, also recently paid an official visit to Ghana in September 2023, which led to the strengthening of the relations between the two countries.
Ghana established diplomatic relations with the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela in 1964. Since then, relations have been characterized by friendship and cooperation in various spheres, at both the bilateral and multilateral levels. Venezuela is represented in Ghana by its Ambassador to Benin, while Ghana’s Ambassador to Brazil has concurrent accreditation to Venezuela.
Ghana was the first African country to establish diplomatic relations with Cuba on 23rd December 1959, during a meeting between Dr. Kwame Nkrumah and Commander Fidel Castro following the recognition of the Cuban Revolution by the former. Subsequently, Cuba opened its Embassy in Ghana in 1963. After the overthrow of the Convention People’s Party (CPP) and President Nkrumah on 24th February 1966, the new military rulers broke diplomatic relations with Cuba. Ghana’s Ambassador in Havana left for exile in Mexico City, while the Cuban Ambassador to Ghana was declared persona non grata after Ghana closed down its Havana Mission. Bilateral relations were re-established in the 1970s, when General Ignatius Kutu Acheampong of the Supreme Military Council (SMC) concurrently accredited the Ghana Mission in New York to Cuba, following which, Cuba re-opened its Diplomatic Mission in Accra in 1979, while Ghana reciprocated in 1982. The year 2019 marked the 60th Anniversary of the establishment of Diplomatic relations between Ghana and Cuba. Relations between the two countries have continued to expand and strengthen to date.
Barbados and Ghana established diplomatic relations in 1994. Relations between both countries are more at a multilateral level for the past years. In recent times, the relations have been characterised by reciprocal high-level visits between the two countries. As part of efforts to strengthen bilateral ties between the two countries, the government of Barbados established a resident diplomatic mission in Ghana in 2020. The two countries have subsequently signed a Cultural, Scientific, and Technical Cooperation Agreement, Enrolment of Ghanaian Nurses to work in Barbados, an Air Services Agreement, and an Agreement on Double Taxation between Ghana and Barbados.
